Social Science

THE BRITISH PARLIAMENT

The word parliament comes from the French verb parler, to talk. The British have used this name since the 13th centuary. It represents the idea that the monarch should talk with and listen to ordinay people.
The British Parliament has developed over hundreds of years. It started with a group of nobles to advise the king. Today it consist of the monrch and two houses of Parliament - the House of Lords and the House of Commons.
The House of Commonts has got 646 members, know as Members of Parliament (MPs). Local residents vote for an MP to represnet them.
The House of Lords consists of noblemen. Until recentrly, membership to the House of Lords passed from father to son - when a nobleman died, his eldest son took his place in the House.
At ghe beginning of the 20th century, the monarchy and the House of Lords began to get weaker. In 1999, the House of Lords Act changed the parliament system so that most nobles lost their right to sit and vote in the House.
Isntead, people receive titles from the Queen for their contribution to society and it isn't a hereditary honour any more to sit in the House.

Over the years, Parliament has become more representitive of the people. Today, everyone over tge age of 18 has got the right to vote for an MP to represent them in Parliament.


EXERCICES:

1. Answers the questions.

1. What is the root of the word parliament?
The root is parler

2. What was the job of the earliest Parliament?
It represents the idea that the monarch should talk with and listen to ordinary people.

3. How does someone become an MP?


4. How did the House of Lords Act change the parliamentary system?
Most nobles lost their right to sit and vote in the House.

5. From what age can people in Britain vote?
The people can vote at age 18.


2. Why do you think the government changed the law for membership of the House of Lords?
Because the people change theirs mind.

SOCIAL SCIENCE

1.Look the map of the United Kingdom and answer the questions, using the key to help you.

1. Which countries make up the United Kingdom?

Make up: Northern Ireland, Scotland, England and Wales.

2. Which countries is north of England?

The country of north of England is Scotland.

3. In which country is Mount Snowdon?

The country is Wales

4. What is the capital city of Northern Ireland?

The capital City is Belfast.

5. Name a river in London.

The river is Thames.

6. Which island are north of Scotland?

The islands are Outer Hebrides and Orkney Islands.

7. Which sea separates England from Ireland?

The sea is "Irish sea"

8. Name a city in Scotland.

The name is Edinburgh.

2. circle the correct answer.

1. Wales is west of England.

2. The English Channel is south of England.

the RSPCA

Most countries in the world have got organisations to protect and take care of animals, but the first animal protection society was founded in the nineteenth century in England.

The Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals ( SPCA) was started in 1824 in London. In those days, the SPCA was unusual because mahny people thought it was strange to care about animals. Two years earlier, in 1922, the Houses of Parliament passed a law prohibiting cruelty to cattle, horses and sheep. Because of the new law and the SOCA, people began to chang their ideas about the way they should treat animals. In 1940 Queen Victoria gave her support to the SPCA. She changed the name of the SPCA to the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA).

Today, there are nearly 200 branches of the society in England and Wales, as well as similar organisations in Scotland, Australia, South Africa and the USA. Every 20 seconds someone contacts the RSPCA with a question about animals. The RSPCA prepares educational material for schools and looks after abused animals. RSPCA inspectors check circuses and zoos to make sure the animals are treated properly. The RSPCA's goal is to improve the lives of animals around the world.

EXERCICES: Answer the questions.

1. Where and when was the first animal protection society started?

The first animal protectoin society started at 1824 in London.

2. Why was the SPCA considered unusual?

Because many people thougth it was strange to care about animals.

3. What made people change their ideas about the way animals were treated?

A new law prohibiting cruelty to casttle, horses and sheeps, and the people change their ideas because the laws are important.

4. Why did Queen Victoria change the name of the SPCA?

Because people began to change their ideas about the way they should treat animals.

5. Name at least two jobs the RSPCA does today.

Inspectors check circuses and zoos to make sure the animals are treated properly

THE NUTRIENTS WE NEED

When our body digests food, the nutrients go to all parts of the body. These are proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, fats and water.

Every type of food contains different nutrients, so it's important to eat a healthy and varied diet.

Proteins help us grow and repair our body. We find them in meat, fish, milk, eggs and legumes.

Carbohnydrates include starches and sugar and give us energy. They are found in bread, potatoes and rice.

Vitamins and minerals in vegetables and fruit help us to grow and keep our body healthy because they protect us from many illnesses.

Fats give us energy. There are two types of fat: animals fats in eggs, butter, fish and meat, and vegetable fats in olives and nuts.

Water is also essential for our body because blood is mostly water. Water dissolves the nutrients and takes them to all parts of our body. Although humans can survive for an extended period without food, we can only survive for about three days without water.

EXERCICES:

1. Match the different nutrients to their function.

1) proteins 4) transports nutrients around our body.

2) vitamins and minerals 1) help us grow and repair our body.

3) carbonhydrates 2)help us grow and keep us healthy.

4) water 3) give us energy.

2. make a list of the food you eat on a typical day. Write if you think you are following a healthy diet.

On a typical day: for breakfast I eat a orange juice or milk with biscuits.

for lunch or dinner I eat pasta, meat and rice and water.

A helthy diet: for breakfast you need: fruit, milk and cereals and a bread.

for lunch or dinner you need: pasta, rice, meat or fish and water.

THE HISTORY OF THE EUROPEAN UNION

After World War I, many people began to talk about a politically united Europe. The first Pan-European Congress was held in 1926. In 1929, the French prime minister proposed a federation of European nations for economic and social co.operation. Many people supported this idea, but the start of World War II interrupted the process.
In 1957, the European Economic Community (EEC) was founded. It began with six members: France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxemburg, West Germany and Italy.
Their objective was to increase economic development and prevent another war.
In 1973, the United Kingdom, Ireland and Denmark joined the EEC, making nine member states in all. The EEC now had twelve member countries and changed its name to the European Community (EC).
In 1992, the changed its name a third time and became the European Union (EU).
Austria, Finland and Sweden joined in 1995. In 2002 most of the countries in the EU began using Europe's single currency the euro.
By the yeat 2004, Estonia, Latbia, Lithuania, Poland, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Slobakia, Slobenia, Malta and Cyprus were also members of the EU, making a total of 25 members states. In the same year, Bulgaria and Romania completed their negatations to join the Union in January 2007.
Today, the resposabilities of the EU include agriculture, fishing, industrial and social development, culture, environmental issues, external trade, human rights, public health, justice and security.

Questions:

1. Which were the first countries to create a European Economic Community?

The fist countries are France, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Belgium, West Germany and Italy.

2. What were the aims of the fouding members of the EEC?

The objective was to increase economic devolopment and prevnet another war.

3. How many members states did the EEC have in 1973?

Making nine members states in all.

4. When did Bulgaria and Romania join the EU?

The Union in 2007.

5. What was significant about 2002?

Using Europe's single currency, the euro.